Wilson Ruffin Abbott (c. 1801 – 1876) was an American-born Black Canadian and successful businessman and landowner in Toronto, Ontario.

He was the father of Anderson Ruffin Abbott, Canada's first Black physician.

Born to a Scotch-Irish father and a free West African mother in Richmond, Virginia, Wilson Ruffin Abbott left home when he was aged 15 to work as a steward on a Mississippi River steamer.

[1] In late 1835 or early 1836, he moved to Toronto, Upper Canada, where he prospered as a businessman.

[2] His son Anderson Ruffin Abbott in 1861 became the first African Canadian to practise medicine.