[1] The center of Winterset Township is located at 38°44′24″N 98°59′08″W / 38.74000°N 98.98556°W / 38.74000; -98.98556 (38.7400119, −98.9856462) at an elevation of 1,804 feet (550 m).

[2] The township lies in the Smoky Hills region of the Great Plains.

[3] The Smoky Hill River runs through the township, entering its west-central part, flowing windingly northeast, then exiting through the township's northeastern corner.

16.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

[6][7] A network of mostly unpaved county roads laid out in a rough grid pattern covers the township.