Xyrospondylus is an extinct genus of non-mammalian synapsids belonging to the Edaphosauridae.

[1][2] The type species, X. ecordi,[3] was named in 1982;[4] it was originally named as a species of Edaphosaurus in 1957.

[5] It lived during the Pennsylvanian (Missourian) in Kansas and possibly also Colorado[6] and the holotype is known from a single cervical vertebra found in the Stanton Formation.

A second specimen, consisting of a fragmentary pelvis, is also known.

A third specimen, known from Colorado, is known, but it probably does not pertain to Xyrospondylus.