A follower of the Ger Hasidic dynasty, he heads Agudat Yisrael, part of the United Torah Judaism alliance, in the Knesset.

[citation needed] When he was two years old, the family immigrated to the United States, settling in Brooklyn, first in the East New York section and then to the Borough Park, where he grew up.

[6] At the same time, he ceased to be the chairman of the United Torah Judaism faction, and was replaced by Member of Knesset Menachem Eliezer Moses.

Litzman stated it was "important act to advance dental health in Israel.”[14] German criticized him and petitioned the Supreme Court to stop the reinstatement.

[16][17] Litzman opposed Brain Death Law and stated he believed patients should be declared dead only when their hearty stops beating.

[27] In 2016, Litzman announced reforms hospital cafeterias allowing for discount food stores such as Cofix to operate on the premises.

[33] In 2017, investigative journalist Haim Rivlin said the reason was that HaModia newspaper, founded by Agudat Israel members, of which Litzman is affiliated, published advertisements on behalf of the tobacco companies.

[34] During the 2018 measles outbreak, Litzman was a stanch support of vaccines, calling them the "cornerstone of the prevention of dangerous infectious diseases.

[36][37] In the runup to the 2021 Israeli legislative election, it was announced that Moshe Gafni would replace Litzman as leader of UTJ in the following Knesset.

[39] Litzman resigned from the Knesset in June 2022, as part of a plea agreement in which he admitted criminally obstructing the extradition of convicted pedophile Malka Leifer.

[51] With the Thirty-fifth government of Israel, Litzman resigned from the Knesset as part of the Norwegian Law, and was sworn in as Minister of Housing and Construction.

[53] In January 2022, Litzman signed a plea deal admitting that he had criminally assisted later-convicted paedophile Malka Leifer's attempt to evade extradition to Australia.

[55][56] Litzman was criticized over statements that seemed to serve the interests of the tobacco companies, including hindering efforts to curb cigarette ads.

In his first tenure as deputy health minister (2009-2013), Litzman opposed warning labels and stickers despite their role in reducing the habit in other countries.

Litzman argued that the images of dirty lungs and teeth aimed at discouraging children and youth from smoking were "unaesthetic.

[58] It was pointed out that Litzman had a conflict of interest due to his close association with ultra-Orthodox publications (Hamodia in particular) that rely on revenue from tobacco ads.

[59][60] Litzman had a conflict of interest concerning Hamodia, due to the fact that it is published by his Agudat Yisrael party and employs his wife.

[61][62][63][64][65] Litzman made a plea deal on 27 January 2022 admitting to breach of trust for using his former position as deputy health minister to obstruct the extradition to Australia of Malka Leifer, who was accused and later convicted in the Adass Israel School sex abuse scandal.