Yuri Petrovich Figatner (Russian: Юрий Петрович Фигатнер; 1889 – 20 September 1937) was a Soviet trade unionist, a People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Terek Soviet Republic, a member of the Central Committee of the USSR of the 1st-5th convocations and a Member of the Central Control Commission of the CPSU(b) in 1925–1934.
Yuri Petrovich (Yakiv Isaakovich) Figatner was born in the family of a craftsman in Odessa, Russian Empire.
From March to July 29, 1918, and from 1918 to January 11, 1919, he was the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of the Terek Soviet Republic, until it was overrun by the Volunteer Army led by Anton Denikin.
A number of those dismissed were subsequently charged with participating in a "monarchist counter-revolutionary organization" and other anti-Soviet efforts; some of those found guilty were exiled or sent to labor camps.
From February 1930 to 1932, Figatner was the head of the Main Inspectorate of the Supreme Soviet of the National Economy and a member of its Presidium.
Figatner was sentenced to death for "terrorist activities" by the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR on September 20, 1937, and shot the same day.