The 120mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892 was a Russian naval gun developed in the years before the Russo-Japanese War that armed a variety of warships of the Imperial Russian Navy during the Russo-Japanese War and World War I.

Guns salvaged from scrapped ships found a second life on river gunboats of the Soviet Navy during the Russian Civil War and as coastal artillery and railway artillery during World War II.

The Russians were impressed and in 1892 they negotiated a production license for all three guns.

34 of the second series of strengthened guns were built between 1905 and 1915 at the Obhukov factory.

Between 1914 and 1916 production switched to the Perm factory and a further 18 strengthened guns were produced there.