It operates S-300PS, S-300PT and Patriot[1] missile systems and is subordinated to the Air Command East.

In 1992, following the dissolution of the Soviet union, the 138th Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment came under the jurisdiction of Ukraine as its personnel took an oath of loyalty to the Ukrainian people.

Since 1988, the unit has been armed with S-300 medium-range anti-aircraft missile systems for defensive purposes.

On 23 August 2021, the President of Ukraine officially granted, the honorary name "Dniprovska" to the brigade.

[6] On.23 February 2024, the brigade destroyed an Beriev A-50 long-range AEW&C aircraft of the Russian Air Force in the airspace over the Krasnodar[7] for which the brigade's commander, Mykola Dzyaman was declared as a wanted "terrorist" by the Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation in June 2024.