The competition started on 28 October 2009 and ended on 16 May 2010 with the Final from Ta' Qali Stadium.
The defending champions were Sliema Wanderers, having won their 20th Maltese Cup last season.
Sliema Wanderers were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the quarter-finals by Hamrun Spartans.
This is case for all future editions of this competition unless Gozo FC, a club which is based on Gozo but plays in the Maltese league system, is in either the Maltese Premier League or the Maltese First Division, in which case they would fill the spot reserved for the Gozo champions and the competition would feature 20 teams rather than 21.
In the Preliminary and First Round draws entered six Premier League teams placed 4th to 10th (except Sliema Wanderers) in last year's competition, 10 First Division teams and the reigning Gozo First Division champions, Sannat Lions.