Kitty Chiller, who competed as a modern pentathlete at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, was selected as the team's Chef de Mission, the first female to hold the role for Australia.

[5][6] Three Australian archers qualified for the men's events after having secured a top eight finish in the team recurve at the 2015 World Archery Championships in Copenhagen, Denmark.

[7] Another Australian archer has been added to the squad by finishing in the top two of the women's individual recurve at the Oceania Qualification Tournament in Nuku'alofa, Tonga.

[8] The men's team (Potts, Tyack, and Worth) was officially named to the Australian roster for the Games on 31 May 2016, with Alice Ingley joining them on her Olympic debut in the women's individual archery one month later.

[11][12] The team selected its athletes with a specific qualifying standard based on the results at the 2016 Australian Championships and Olympic Trials (31 March to 3 April) in Sydney.

[16][17] On 29 June 2016, sprint hurdler and reigning Olympic champion Sally Pearson withdrew from the Games due to a hamstring injury, with middle-distance runner Melissa Duncan following her with the same incident two weeks later.

[18] On 30 July 2016, sprinter Josh Clarke withdrew from the Games after failing to fully recover from a hamstring injury that he suffered in the early months of the year.

Daniel Lewis, Jason Whateley, and 2014 Commonwealth Games champion Shelley Watts claimed their Olympic spots at the 2016 Asia & Oceania Qualification Tournament in Qian'an, China.

[30] They must also compete at the Australian Open and in two trials of the Oceania Championships, both held in Penrith, New South Wales, to assure their selection to the nation's Olympic slalom canoeing team.

[36] Meanwhile, London 2012 Olympian Naomi Flood became the last sprint canoeist to join the Australian team for the Games at the ICF World Cup meet ( 18 to 20 May) in Duisburg, Germany.

[38][39] Three men's road riders (Rohan Dennis, Simon Gerrans and Richie Porte) were named to the Australian cycling team for the Games on 5 July 2016, with the women (Gracie Elvin, Katrin Garfoot, Rachel Neylan and Amanda Spratt) joining them a week later.

[43] The full Australian track cycling team was officially named on 5 July 2016, with Anna Meares looking to defend the women's Olympic sprint title at her fourth straight Games.

London 2012 Olympian Rebecca Henderson was the first mountain biker to be officially named to the Australian team on 5 July 2016, with Daniel McConnell and Scott Bowden joining her one-week later.

A total of nine divers (four men and five women) were named to the Olympic team on 29 June 2016, with Beijing 2008 silver medallist Melissa Wu leading them for her third straight Games.

[74] Marc Leishman, who was in line to be selected following Scott's withdrawal announced on 5 May 2016 that he would not play in Rio as his wife Audrey is recovering from toxic shock syndrome.

[77] Australia has qualified one rhythmic gymnast in the individual all-around for the Games by picking up the continental spot as Oceania's sole representative at the Olympic Test Event in Rio de Janeiro.

[77] Australia has qualified one gymnast in the men's trampoline by virtue of a top six finish at the 2016 Olympic Test Event in Rio de Janeiro.

[91] On 4 December 2015, the Australian Olympic Committee had announced the first three double-handed crews to compete at the Games, including defending champions Iain Jensen and Nathan Outteridge (49er) and Mathew Belcher (470).

[93] Australian Sailing has decided to reject quota places earned by the sailors in the women's RS:X and 49erFX classes due to its performance standards set for the Games.

[97] Olympic trap veterans Michael Diamond and Adam Vella were initially selected to the team, but both were challenged by an appeal from rookie Mitchell Iles against his non-selection.

[98] With Diamond ruled ineligible for the Games, Shooting Australia had decided to officially nominate Vella and Iles, who won his appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) one week earlier.

A total of 34 swimmers (15 men and 19 women) were named to the Australian team for the Olympics at the end of the Australian Championships, featuring 2015 World backstroke double champions Mitch Larkin and Emily Seebohm, sisters Bronte and Cate Campbell, siblings David and Emma McKeon, London 2012 medallists Alicia Coutts and Bronte Barratt, and freestyle aces Cameron McEvoy (sprint) and Mack Horton (long-distance).

[103] Australia has fielded a squad of nine synchronized swimmers to compete in the women's duet and team events, by virtue of their top national finish for Oceania at the 2015 FINA World Championships.

[106] Hu Heiming and Ziyu Zhang were each awarded the third spot to build the men's and women's teams for the Games as the top Oceania nation in the ITTF Olympic Rankings.

115) received spare ITF Olympic places to join Kokkinakis and Millman in the men's singles,[111][112] as well as the sisters Anastasia and Arina Rodionova in the women's doubles.

[114] The rest of the Australian triathletes (Royle, Fisher, Densham, and Gentle) were ranked among the eligible top 40 in their respective events based on the ITU Olympic Qualification List as of 15 May 2016.

These places were awarded to London 2012 Olympian Louise Bawden and her rookie partner Taliqua Clancy, as well as Peruvian-born Mariafe Artacho and Nicole Laird.

[116][117] Key: Australia men's water polo team was confirmed by the NOC to compete at the Olympic Games through an Oceania continental selection.

[119] Head coach: Elvis Fatović Australia women's water polo team was confirmed by the NOC to compete at the Olympic Games through an Oceania continental selection.

[122] Australia has qualified four wrestlers for each of the following weight classes into the Olympic competition, as a result of their semifinal triumphs at the 2016 African & Oceania Qualification Tournament.