American Samoa competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016.

Four American Samoan athletes, three men and one woman, were selected for the Games, competing only in athletics, judo, and weightlifting; all of them made their Olympic debut in Rio de Janeiro through wild card entries and universality places, without having qualified.

Among the nation's athletes were American-born sprinters Isaac Silafau and Jordan Mageo (the lone female of the team), lightweight judoka Benjamin Waterhouse (men's 73 kg), and weightlifter Tanumafili Jungblut, who led the delegation as American Samoa's flag bearer in the opening ceremony.

American Samoa has received universality slots from IAAF to send two athletes (one male and one female) to the Olympics.

Benjamin Waterhouse earned a continental quota spot from the Oceania region as the nation's lone judoka outside of direct qualifying position in the IJF World Ranking List of May 30, 2016.