The brigade, the oldest in continuous service within the Ground Forces, was originally formed as the 1st Simbirsk Infantry Division of Soviet Russia in 1918 during the Russian Civil War.

It actively participated in the Russian Civil War in the Volga region, in the Southern Urals Mountains, and in Polissya and Volhynia.

The division staff showed mass heroism when the German opponents arrived in the Lidy area.

Personnel from the 29th Reserve Rifle Brigade and the 385th Howitzer Artillery Regiment formed the new 24th along with others from the Arkhangelsk Military District.

[8] During the war this division was part of armies in the Western, Kalinin, Stalingrad, Don, and Southwest fronts, from April until May 1944.

The redesignation occurred at Yavoriv, Lviv Oblast, Carpathian Military District, and the division, later brigade, has been based there since that date.

[13] In February 2016, soldiers of the brigade's 1st Battalion conducted training with American, Canadian and Lithuanian instructors in Lviv.

[16] From the start of the invasion the 24th Mechanized Brigade was involved in numerous engagements against the Russian Army, the Wagner Group, and the separatists of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic such as the battle of Lysychansk and the battle of Donbas.

[17] Colonel Valery Hudz, the commander of the brigade, was killed in action in Luhansk Oblast on 12 March 2022.

[18] The 24th Brigade held the defense of Popasna in Luhansk Oblast until April 2022, at which point the Ukrainian military withdrew from the city.

It took part in the defense of Soledar and Bakhmut, and as of January 2024, was stationed on the Horlivka front in Donetsk Oblast.

[19] In 2017, the brigade developed a symbolism and motto: "Milites Regum" (translated from Latin: "King's infantry").

[23] The emblem is a shield that is red on one side and green on the other, with the lion, the main symbol of the brigade, in the center.

In October 2014, The Vyo vocalist Myroslav Kuvaldin and other volunteers visited the Luhansk region where they talked to soldiers of the brigade.

In 1995, due to lack of funds for the maintenance of the museum, the district authorities put it up for sale,[26] and in 1999 a multi-story hotel was to be built there.