Adelino da Palma Carlos, GCC, GCIH, GOL (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐðɨˈlinu ðɐ ˈpalmɐ ˈkaɾluʃ]; Faro, 3 March 1905[1][2] – Lisbon, 25 October 1992[3]), was a Portuguese lawyer, scholar, politician and a freemason who was the first Prime Minister of Portugal after the 25 April 1974 revolution.

He was an opponent of the fascist regime of the Estado Novo (New State) of António de Oliveira Salazar (and later Marcello Caetano) since his youth, and, being a liberal, rather than a socialist, was chosen by President António de Spínola, as prime minister after the 25 April 1974 revolution.

He was replaced by Colonel Vasco Gonçalves, a choice that Spínola would later regret.

After leaving office, Palma Carlos was the national representative (mandatário) of general António Ramalho Eanes for the 1980 Presidential Elections.

He was married to Elina Júlia Chaves Pereira Guimarães (Lisbon, 1904 – 1991).