Andahuaylillas is one of the main stages of the Andean Baroque Route along with Cusco, Huaro and Urcos.

[1] The people in the district are mainly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent.

The church was built by Jesuits in the 16th-century, covering a pre-Columbian huaca.

[3] The church is nicknamed, "the Sistine Chapel of America" because of the magnificent frescos that adorn its walls, painted in the 1620s by Luis de Riaño and his indigenous collaborators.

[4][5][6] The painting depicts the roads to heaven and to hell, and the composition was inspired by northern European prints.