Her research considers low-dimensional materials such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and boron nitride.

[1] During the end of her studies she completed an internship at the Office National d'Études et de Recherches Aérospatiales (ONERA) solid-state physics laboratory.

[citation needed] Loiseau joined the faculty at ONERA, where she worked on high-resolution electron microscopy, which she developed to study metal alloys.

She started to work on graphene and carbon nanotubes, and eventually led the Graphene-Nanotube Research Group.

[2] Her current research activities focus on synthesis and study of the structural, optical and electronic properties of nanomaterials by optical spectroscopy and TEM-EELS [3] Loiseau has been involved in the Graphene Flagship since its start in 2013 and is a current member of its executive board.