The museum as it stands today was built by the architects D. Fatouros and G. Triantaphyllides, professors of the Polytechnic School and the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki between 1963 and 1964.

[3][4] The museum contains prehistoric artifacts found all over the Kavala regional unit such as in Neapolis (old Kavala), Amphipolis and places such as Oisyme, Galypsos, Dikili Tas, Tragilos, Mesembria, Nikisiani and Avdira.

On the first floor of the museum are items from the wider region of Thrace, from Galypsos, Oisyme, ancient Topeiros and Tragilos, Abdera and Mesembria.

Items range from clay figurines and sarcophagi, to coins of Macedonian kings, black-figure wares, a painted cist grave and metal pots.

[3]The atrium and courtyard of the Kavala Archaeological Museum contain a number of architectural members excavated in various parts of Eastern Macedonia, dating back to the Roman Empire.