At the 1976 Summer Olympics two archery events were contested.

Archers shot a total of 288 arrows at 4 different distances (90, 70, 50, and 30 meters for men; 70, 60, 50, and 30 metres for women).

[1] The United States repeated its sweep of the two gold medals.

Japan and Italy claimed their first archery medals in the men's competition.

The Soviet Union took the silver and bronze medals in the women's competition, adding to the bronze they had earned four years earlier.