Following the completion of the Rosenstein Tunnel on 4 July 1846, the first train ran into Stuttgart station on 26 September 1846.

A plastic sculpture, called Schienenhaufen (rail piles) by Karl-Heinz Franke, was installed in the forecourt in 1985, commemorating the opening of the first railway in Württemberg 140 years earlier.

A comprehensive modernisation of the station was completed for the 2006 FIFA World Cup in May 2006, after 20 months of work.

The underpass running under the station was rebuilt with granite and the forecourt to the south facing the Cannstatter Wasen was refurbished.

The tracks at the western end of the station will be replaced by new lines being built as part of the project.

The extremely simple, narrow building in Cannstatt had ten parallel axes and a side projection.

The crowded station buildings in Cannstatt and Ludwigsburg were noted by the director of the Württemberg railway in 1849.

[7] Martin Meyer designed a new station that was completed in 1915, including an entrance building with three wings.

The station administration is housed at the higher level of the left wing with its round windows.