Khaybar, which is located approximately 150 kilometres (93 mi) to the northwest of Medina, was home to a sizable community of Jewish tribes.

Qurayza appointed Sa‘d bin Mu‘adh to adjudicate, who passed a verdict based on Jewish tradition that ordered the massacre of 600 military aged men and the eviction of the remain approx 1,500 citzens.

[21][22][23] The battle ended with the surrender of the Khaybar Jews, who were then allowed to continue living in the region on the condition that they would give one-half of their produce to the Muslims.

[25] The oasis was divided into three regions: al-Natat, al-Shikk, and al-Katiba, probably separated by natural divisions, such as the desert, lava drifts, and swamps.

In 627, the Nadir chief Huyayy ibn Akhtab together with his son joined the Meccans and Bedouins besieging Medina during the Battle of the Trench.

[39] Abdullah bin Unays is the assassin who volunteered and got permission to kill Banu Nadir's Sallam ibn Abu al-Huqayq at a previous night mission in Khaybar.

However, in comparison to the power of the north, Muhammad's army did not seem to pose enough of a threat for the Khaybar to sufficiently prepare themselves for the upcoming battle.

Along with the knowledge that Muhammad's army was small, and in need of resources, the lack of central authority at Khaybar prevented any unified defensive preparations, and quarrels between different families left the Jews disorganized.

After a day of travel, the Ghatafan thought they heard their enemy behind them and turned around in order to protect their families and possessions, thus opening the path for Muhammad's army.

[citation needed] Some Muslim women (including Umm Salama) also joined the army, in order to take care of the wounded.

[50] As a result, the Jews failed to mount a centrally organized defense, leaving each family to defend its own fortified redoubt.

[25][43] This underestimation of the Muslims allowed Muhammad to conquer each fortress one by one with relative ease, claiming food, weapons, and land as he went.

The besieged Jews managed to organize, under the cover of darkness, the transfer of people and treasures from one fortress to another as needed to make their resistance more effective.

"[55] That morning, the Quraysh were wondering who should have the honor to carry the banner, but Muhammad called out for Ali ibn Abi Țalib.

[46] In some Shi'ite sources it is also said that, when the time came to breach the fortress, he threw the door down as a bridge to allow his army to pass into the citadel and conquer the final threshold.

[64]In Sahih Muslim, the verses have been narrated like this: Khaibar knows certainly that I am Marhab, A fully armed and well-tried valorous warrior (hero), when war comes spreading its flames.

[61]The two soldiers struck at each other, and after the second blow, Ali cleaved through Marhab's helmet, splitting his skull and landing his sword in his opponent's teeth.

[58] The agreement with the Jews of Khaybar served as an important precedent for Islamic Law in determining the status of dhimmis, (non-Muslims under Muslim rule).

[67][68][69] Shibli Nomani rejects this account, and argues that Kenana was beheaded to avenge Mahmud, brother of Muhammad ibn Maslamah, who had died during the various sieges of Khaybar, killed by a millstone thrown by a warrior named Marhab.

[70] According to several Muslim traditions, a Jewish woman, Zeynab bint Al-Harith, attempted to poison Muhammad to avenge her slain relatives.

[25][43] According to mainstream Sunni opinion, the battle is mentioned in Sahih Bukhari, in which Muhammad is reported to have said "Tomorrow I will give the flag to a man with whose leadership Allah will grant (the Muslim) victory."

[73] According to a Shia tradition, Muhammad called for Ali, who killed a Jewish chieftain with a sword-stroke, which split in two the helmet, the head and the body of the victim.

Having lost his shield, Ali is said to have lifted both of the doors of the fortress from their hinges, climbed into the moat and held them up to make a bridge whereby the attackers gained access to the redoubt.

[25][74] On one occasion, Muslim soldiers, without Muhammad's opinion and permission, killed and cooked a score of donkeys, which had escaped from a farm.

[75][76] Those jurists and their followers were passing verdict that the practice were as became model of Islamic business cooperation to cultivate agricultural land were allowed according to their Madhhabs.

The Muslim scholar Safiur Rahman al Mubarakpuri mentions that the hadith below regarding Amir's accidental death is related to Khaibar: It has been narrated on the authority of Ibn Salama.

(On the way) my uncle, Amir, began to recite the following rajaz verses for the people: "By God, if Thou hadst not guided us aright, We would have neither practised charity nor offered prayers.

Sahih al-Bukhari, 2:14:68 Protests in the Middle East,[79] Europe[80] and North America[80][81] sometimes reference the Battle of Khaybar in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.

Some versions of the chant are: During the First Intifada, Hamas leaflets encouraged Palestinians to reinterpret the "memory of Khaybar" into a new conflict with Israel.

[84] During the Lebanon War of 2006, the Lebanese Shia militia Hezbollah dubbed missiles it fired on Israeli cities after Khaybar.