[citation needed] Biomedicine is the cornerstone of modern health care and laboratory diagnostics.
It concerns a wide range of scientific and technological approaches: from in vitro diagnostics[7][8] to in vitro fertilisation,[9] from the molecular mechanisms of cystic fibrosis to the population dynamics of the HIV virus, from the understanding of molecular interactions to the study of carcinogenesis,[10] from a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) to gene therapy.
Biomedicine is based on molecular biology and combines all issues of developing molecular medicine[11] into large-scale structural and functional relationships of the human genome, transcriptome, proteome, physiome and metabolome with the particular point of view of devising new technologies for prediction, diagnosis and therapy.
Through an anthropological lens biomedicine extends beyond the realm of biology and scientific facts; it is a socio-cultural system which collectively represents reality.
Molecular biology consists of different techniques including Polymerase chain reaction, Gel electrophoresis, and macromolecule blotting to manipulate DNA.
An electric current is applied so that the DNA, which is negatively charged due to its phosphate groups is attracted to the positive electrode.
Living organisms need essential elements to survive, among which are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, calcium, and phosphorus.
These elements make up the four macromolecules that living organisms need to survive: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
The simplest carbohydrate is glucose, C6H12O6, is used in cellular respiration to produce ATP, adenosine triphosphate, which supplies cells with energy.
[21][22] Lipids, also known as fats, are small molecules derived from biochemical subunits from either the ketoacyl or isoprene groups.
Creating eight distinct categories: fatty acids, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, saccharolipids, and polyketides (derived from condensation of ketoacyl subunits); and sterol lipids and prenol lipids (derived from condensation of isoprene subunits).