Archaeological finds show the presence of an early settlement in the area dating back to pre-Roman times.

[4] The Caroline Aqueduct, designed by 18th-century Italian engineer and architect Luigi Vanvitelli, collects the natural spring water of the nearby Fizzo River and passes through Bucciano as it channels the water some 38 kilometers towards the Royal Palace of Caserta.

The latter of these churches was built on the slopes of Mount Taburno in the fifteenth century after tales of a miraculous healing of a deaf-mute shepherd who found a statue of the Virgin Mary in a nearby cave.

Bucciano's economy is mostly based on agriculture, mostly the production of cereal, wheat, olive oil, wine, mulberries, maize and legumes.

The total land used for agriculture in 2000 was 258 hectares (640 acres) according to a 2007 report by the Benevento chamber of commerce.