These acids work by reacting with the calcium carbonate and iron oxide present in the stains.
The chemical reaction results in the formation of soluble salts, which can be easily rinsed away with water.
The calcium ions (Ca2+) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are formed, which helps in the easy removal of the deposit.
The reaction can be simplified as: Fe2O3 + 6H+ → 2Fe3+ + 3H2O In this process, iron ions (Fe3+) are produced along with water, making the rust easier to remove without causing damage to the underlying metal or surrounding materials.
[citation needed] CLR is made by Jelmar LLC, an American company located in Skokie, Illinois.