Carpegna borders the following municipalities: Belforte all'Isauro, Borgo Pace, Frontino, Mercatello sul Metauro, Montecopiolo, Pennabilli, Piandimeleto, Pietrarubbia, Sant'Angelo in Vado, Sestino.

The communal territory is included in the Sasso Simone and Simoncello Regional Park.

The lords and counts (as such first mentioned in 1238) of Carpegna acquired more than 30 castles and towns in the region.

They split into the Carpegna-Gattara and the Carpegna-Pietracuta branches, which in the struggles between papal and imperial followers (Guelphs and Ghibellines) took opposite sides.

The Carpegna-Gattara branch extinguished in 1409, and in 1463 the family split again into the Counts of Carpegna (ruling Carpegna, Castellaccia, Palazzo Corignano and Torre dei Fossati) and the Counts of Gattara-Scavolino (ruling Gattara, Bascio, Miratoio and Scavolino).