[4] Untreated patients with central diabetes insipidus often experience polyuria, nocturia, and polydipsia due to the initial increase in serum sodium and osmolality.
Untreated central diabetes insipidus patients usually exhibit polyuria, nocturia, and polydipsia as a result of the initial rise of serum sodium and osmolality.
[5] Patients may also experience neurologic symptoms associated with the underlying illness, such as headaches and diplopia, depending on the exact origin of the central diabetes insipidus.
[6] Even when their polyuria and polydipsia are adequately managed, patients with central diabetes insipidus frequently suffer psychological symptoms as elevated anxiety, social isolation, and an overall lower quality of life.
[7] The clinical manifestation of central diabetes insipidus is the lack of arginine vasopressin secretion as a result of the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary axis neurons being destroyed.
[25] Confounding diseases such diabetes mellitus, renal impairment, hyperglycemia, hypercalcemia, and hypokalemia should be ruled out by baseline laboratory testing once polyuria is established.
[27] In patients with central diabetes insipidus, thirst responses exhibit a physiological pattern of linear rise during osmotic stimulation and reduction following water consumption.