[2] The Chiquitano dry forests cover an area of 230,600 square kilometers (89,000 sq mi).

The ecoregion lies east of the Andes in the lowlands of eastern Bolivia and the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso and Rondônia.

The forests of the region are adapted to the strong seasonal variation in rainfall, including wet-season flooding and dry-season fires.

[5] The soto/curupaú association includes the trees soto (Schinopsis brasiliensis), curupaú (Anadenanthera macrocarpa), momoqui (Caesalpinia pluviosa), morado (Machaerium scleroxylon), roble (Amburana cearensis), and cedro (Cedrela fissilis).

[2] Emergent soto trees are some of the largest in the forest, reaching up to 35 meters in height and living up to 500 years.

The ecoregion has 42 species of mammals, including marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus), white-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari), giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus), jaguar (Panthera onca), maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), giant otter (Pteronura brasiliensis), and the rodent Goodfellow's tuco-tuco (Ctenomys goodfellowi).

Earlier in 2019 the Bolivian government issued a decree supporting clearance of forest lands in the Chiquitano and Amazon regions for cattle and soya production.

[1] Protected areas include Noel Kempff Mercado National Park and Ríos Blanco y Negro Wildlife Reserve in Bolivia.