Timor-Leste includes the mountainous eastern half of Timor, the Ocussi-Ambeno region on the northwest portion of the island of Timor, and the islands of Atauro and Jaco.

The country is located northwest of Australia in the Lesser Sunda Islands at the eastern end of the Indonesian Archipelago.

'Timor' is a Portuguese derivation of 'Timor', the Malay word for "Orient"; the island of Timor is part of the Malay Archipelago and is the largest and easternmost of the Lesser Sunda Islands.

Timor-Leste is the only Asian nation to lie entirely within the Southern Hemisphere.

[citation needed] The Loes River is the longest with a length of 80 km (50 mi).