The line ran from Cumberland, Maryland to Piedmont, West Virginia, at both points interchanging with the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.
The Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad Company was incorporated on March 4, 1850, with a charter from the Maryland General Assembly.
Savage as an early foundry of iron rail and manufacturer of locomotives in the United States.
From 1868 to 1917 the shops produced at least 30 locomotives for the C&P, as well as standard and narrow gauge engines for other lines.
The depot at Frostburg was originally designed for the C&P by architect Ephraim Francis Baldwin and built in 1891.