[2] The cytokinin signaling pathway consists of sensor kinases, histidine phosphotransfer proteins, and response regulators.
[2] The phosphate is then transferred to a histidine phosphotransfer protein which then phosphorylates a response regulator.
[2] AHK4 has been shown, through three-dimensional modeling, to completely surround bound cytokinin in the binding pocket.
[7] In Arabidopsis thaliana, most histidine phosphotransfer proteins are redundant, positive regulators in cytokinin signaling.
[7] Most of the Arabidopsis thaliana histidine phosphotransfer proteins have functional overlap and affect many aspects of plant development.
[5] The type A cytokinin response regulator family in Arabidopsis thaliana consists of 10 genes.
One example is light signal transduction: ARR3 and ARR4 are involved in the synchronization of the circadian clock of Arabidopsis thaliana with external time and photoperiod.
[1] Research suggests that ARR22 plays a positive role in stress tolerance by improving cell membrane integrity.
[1] Increases in expression of ARR22 modulates abiotic stress-responsive genes, possibly aiding in drought and freezing tolerance.