[7][8][9][10] [11] The dmPFC also modulates or regulates emotional responses and heart rate in situations of fear or stress and plays a role in long-term memory [1].

Despite this, there is no definitive understanding of the exact role dmPFC plays, and the underlying mechanisms giving rise to its function(s) in the brain remain to be seen.

[19] Other studies have shown increased activation in the dmPFC when a person must decide between two equally-likely outcomes, as well as when a decision is counter to their behavioral tendencies.

[23] In rats, the dmPFC has been shown to exert top-down control over the motor regions, although the exact mechanisms of how this is accomplished remain unknown.

[24] An experiment with mice found that optogenetic stimulation of the dmPFC increased their perseverance, motivational drive and grit causing them to assume a more dominant role in social hierarchies.

[25] Additionally, researchers have shown that the dmPFC 5-HT6 receptors play a role in regulating anxiety-like behaviors in mice.