Duncow is a small settlement in the civil parish of Kirkmahoe, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland.

Located in the geographical centre of the parish,[1] Duncow was a village in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries[2] and was formerly its most populous settlement.

At the time the First Statistical Account of Scotland was written the village had between 150 and 200 residents.

[1] By the time of the Third Statistical Account there were only five houses in the village.

[1] The name Duncow, recorded as Duncol in 1250,[4] is of Celtic origin, representing either Cumbric dīn + coll[5] or Gaelic dùn-choll,[5] both meaning 'fort of hazels'.