Edward Stuart Russell OBE FLS (25 March 1887 – 24 August 1954) was a Scottish biologist and philosopher of biology.

He studied at Greenock Academy and later at Glasgow University under Sir Graham Kerr and worked with J. Arthur Thompson after he graduated.

He was influenced by his friend Patrick Geddes and in his zoological studies, sought to find holistic principles.

He was an honorary lecturer on animal behaviour at the University College, London for about fifteen years.

[5] He was a critic of the modern synthesis and presented his own evolutionary theory uniting developmental biology with heredity but opposing Mendelian inheritance.