In the private sector he was Chairman of the HSBC Malta Bond Fund (since 2002) and of CWG plc and director of MIB Ltd.

Internationally he served on the Council of Europe's Development Bank Auditing Committee (1997–2000) and carried out consultancy and advisory work for the European Commission (particularly on the single currency), UNESCO, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) (1987–97), the IMF delegation, the governments of Albania, Croatia, Libya and Turkey and a number of credit rating agencies.

He was appointed vice-chairman of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs, member of the delegation to the ACP–EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly and substitute member on the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety and the delegation for relations with the countries of Southeast Asia and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).

[11] In 2024, Scicluna was charged with fraud and misappropriation related to a 2015 deal that saw the management of three hospitals transferred to private firm Vitals Global Healthcare.

[12] After various calls to resign,[13] a mutual agreement was reached between the Cabinet and Scicluna to temporarily step aside, whilst retaining his salary.