The construction was undertaken by the Danish architect Christian Hansen, making some additional modifications.

The central part of the building was completed in 1842, through the support of fundraisers and donations from King Ludwig of Bavaria (Otto's father), the Duchess of Plaisance and many other Greeks such as Konstantinos Bellios, Alexandros Mavrokordatos, Konstantinos Galatis, Rallou Mourouzi and others.

[4] A relocation that was considered as far back as 1892 and was initially attempted in June 1904, with the foundation stone of the new hospital building being laid on the then municipal plot of Ampelokoipoi.

However, the relocation to the new building will take place about 70 years later as it will be used initially by the Hellenic Red Cross for the care of the wounded of the Balkan Wars and then handed over to the Ministry of Defense.

[5] In the hospital many figures of the medical science of Greece started their medical careers who later participated in the establishment of many of the newest hospitals in Athens, such as Theodoros Aretaios, Spyridon Magginas, Nikolaos Makkas, Marinos Geroulanos, Alivizatos and others.