It lived during the Late Miocene, and its fossilized remains were discovered in South America.

It was very similar to Sclerocalyptus, from which it was only differentiated by its smaller size and some anatomical details, notably on its carapace.

The genus Eosclerocalyptus was first described in 1919 by Carlos Ameghino, based on fossils found in terrains dated from the Late Miocene of Argentina.

Various species were attributed to this genus, such as Eosclerocalyptus tapinocephalus, E. lineatus, E. proximus and E. planus.

Eosclerocalyptus is a genus of glyptodont close to the ancestry of Neosclerocalyptus.