This animal, like all glyptodonts, had a strong carapace covering almost its entire body, consisting of numerous osteoderms fused together.

The tail was protected by four rings of osteoderms, the last of which being fused with a terminal caudal tube, similar to that of Neosclerocalyptus.

Unlike Neosclerocalyptus, the large lateral osteoderms covering the skull of Stromaphorus were contiguous.

Two species were attributed to the genus, Stromaphorus compressidens and S. cuneiformis, both from Late Miocene Argentina.

Stromaphorus belonged to the tribe Hoplophorini, a widespread and diverse clade of glyptodonts, including genera such as Hoplophorus and Neosclerocalyptus.