Fooled by Randomness: The Hidden Role of Chance in Life and in the Markets is a book by Nassim Nicholas Taleb that deals with the fallibility of human knowledge.

The book is the first part of Taleb's multi-volume philosophical essay on uncertainty, titled the Incerto, which also includes The Black Swan (2007–2010), The Bed of Procrustes (2010–2016), Antifragile (2012), and Skin in the Game (2018).

Taleb sets forth the idea that modern humans are often unaware of the existence of randomness.

"[1] U.S.A Today recounted that many criticisms raised in this book of the financial industry turned out to be justified.

[2] Forbes described the book as being playful, self-effacing and at times insufferably arrogant, but always thought provoking.