Fossombrone is a town and comune in the province of Pesaro and Urbino, in the Marche region of central Italy.

Near the Furlo Pass, during the Gothic War, was fought in 552 the Battle of Taginae, in which Totila was overcome by the Byzantine general, Narses.

Fossombrone was included in the Donation of Pepin, but remained subject to the Duchy of Spoleto until 1198, when it passed under Papal rule.

Also positive for the city was the reign of the della Rovere dukes, who enlarged it (in particular, Francesco Maria II expanded the settlement in the lower area up to the Metauro river).

Noteworthy remains are the statue of the god Vertumnus; the Furlo Pass, constructed by the Emperor Vespasian to shorten the passage of that mountain; the bridge of Trajan (115) near Calmazzo, and the bridge now called Ponte della Concordia, originally built in 292 by Diocletian, both over the Metaurus.