He entered the regiment of Gardes du Corps in 1752, and in 1758 was adjutant or aide de camp to Frederick the Great's brother, Prince Henry, with whom he served throughout the later stages of the Seven Years' War.
[2] Personal differences with Prince Henry severed their connection in 1766, and for many years Kalckreuth lived in comparative retirement.
He participated in the War of the Bavarian Succession as a colonel, and on the accession of Frederick William II was restored to favour.
Under the Duke of Brunswick, he took a conspicuous part in the campaign of Valmy in 1792, the siege of Mainz in 1793, and the Battle of Kaiserslautern in 1794.
In 1807 he defended Danzig for 78 days against the French under Marshal Lefebvre, with far greater skill and energy than he had shown in the previous year.