It passes through portions of Grady, Mitchell, Worth, Turner, Wilcox, Pulaski, Bleckley, Twiggs, Wilkinson, and Baldwin counties, and connects the Cairo and Milledgeville areas of the state.

SR 112 begins at an intersection with US 84/SR 38 (Bill Stanfill Highway) in the northern part of Cairo, in Grady County.

The road continues to the northeast, passing the Camilla–Mitchell County Airport, just before entering Camilla.

The concurrent routes meet SR 37 (Newton Road).

The highway heads northeast and has an extremely brief concurrency with SR 93 in Lester.

SR 112 splits off to the northeast and passes through rural areas until it crosses into Turner County.

The two routes run concurrent into the main part of town.

It continues along it routing until it reaches an interchange with Interstate 75 (I-75), just before leaving town.

The two routes head concurrent to the northwest for about 0.2 miles (0.32 km).

In the southern part of town, SR 215 (5th Avenue) joins the concurrency.

North of town, the two routes split, with SR 112 heading northwest.

Almost immediately, the road crosses the extreme southeastern corner of Twiggs County and enters Allentown.

The highway passes through rural areas of the county to an intersection with US 441/SR 29 in Nicklesville.

It curved to the left and met its northern terminus, an intersection with US 441 Bus./SR 243 (South Wayne Street).