Ingvar runestones

[harlaif × auk × þurkarþr × litu × raisa × stain × þina at × sabi faþur sin × is| |sturþi × austr × skibi × maþ ikuari a/a| |askalat-/skalat-]Hærlæif {} ok {} Þorgærðr {} lētu {} ræisa {} stæin {} þenna at {} Sæbiorn, faður sinn.

[16] Luckily, the brothers raised a second stone (U 644, above) at Ekilla Bro a few kilometres to the south of Varpsund,[13] which is why scholars are certain that their names were Andvéttr and Blesi.

"Andvéttr and Kárr and and Blesi and Djarfr raised this stone in memory of Gunnleifr, their father, who was killed in the east with Ingvarr.

[18] The runestone was examined in the early 17th century by Johannes Bureus and it was included in his book Monumenta Sveo-Gothica Hactenus Expulta.

[3] It is of note that the u-rune appears to be used for an u-umlauted a,[3] an umlaut which existed in Sweden, but was typical of the dialect of Iceland and Norway (Old West Norse).

kairuiGæiʀvī× aukok× kulaGulla× risturæistu× stainstæinþinaþenna× aftiræftiʀ× ąnuntAnund,× fąþurfaðursiasinn.isEsuasvas× austraustr× tauþrdauðr× miþmeð× ikuariIngvari.× kuþGuð× hialbihialpiątand× ąnutarAnundaʀ.kairui × auk × kula × ristu × stain þina × aftir × ąnunt × fąþur sia is uas × austr × tauþr × miþ × ikuari × kuþ × hialbi ąt × ąnutarGæiʀvī {} ok {} Gulla {} ræistu {} stæin þenna {} æftiʀ {} Anund, {} faður sinn.

This word, translated by Rundata as "retinue," is often used in reference to the Þingalið, the Scandinavian forces that served the English kings from 1013–1066, and is used that way on runestone U 668.

"[20] þialfiÞialfi× aukok× hulmnlaukHolmlaug× litulētu× raisaræisa× stainastæinaþisaþessa× alaalla× atatbakaBanka/Bagga,× sunsunsinsinn.× isEsatiātti× ainæinn× sirsēʀ× skibskip× aukok× austraustr× stu[rþistȳrði×] iī× ikuarsIngvars× liþlið.× kuþGuðhialbihialpi× ątand× bakaBanka/Bagga.× ask(i)lÆskell× raistræist.þialfi × auk × hulmnlauk × litu × raisa × staina þisa × ala × at baka × sun sin × is ati × ain × sir × skib × auk × austr × stu[rþi ×] i × ikuars × liþ × kuþ hialbi × ąt × baka × ask(i)l × raistÞialfi {} ok {} Holmlaug {} lētu {} ræisa {} stæina þessa {} alla {} at Banka/Bagga, {} sun sinn.

"Þjalfi and Holmlaug had all of these stones raised in memory of Banki/Baggi, their son, who alone owned a ship and steered to the east in Ingvarr's retinue.

[klintrKlintr(?)aukokblikrBlæikʀ× risturæistustinstæin× þinsiþennsi· iftiʀæftiʀkunu(i)þ]Gunnvið,× faþurfaður× sinsinn.+ hanHann[× foʀfōrbortbortmiþmeð(i)kuariIngvari.+ kuþGuðtrutindrōttinnhialbihialpiontand…](r)[a[ald]ra·] kristin[akristinna.þuriʀÞōriʀ+ t]r(ą)(n)[i[ru]na[ʀ](?)/[Tr]an[i](?

[23] Since it could not be reerected at its original location, the Swedish Civil Aviation Administration arranged so that it could be installed in the new terminal 2 for domestic flights.

"Gunnarr and Bjôrn and Þorgrímr raised this stone in memory of Þorsteinn, their brother, who was dead in the east with Ingvarr, and made this bridge.

)......-(t)ain : þansi : at : begli : faþur : sii :: buanta :: sifuʀ :: han : uaʀ : fa... ...[s]tæin {} þannsi {} at {} Bægli, {} faður {} sinn, {} bōanda {} Sæfuʀ.

"[26] kunulfʀGunnulfʀ: raistiræisti: steinstæin: þansiþannsi: atat: ulfUlf,: faþurfaður: sinsinn.: hanHann: uaʀvaʀiī: farufaru: miþmeð: ikuariIngvari.

When Richard Dybeck visited the grave field in the mid-19th century, someone pointed out a stone which rose only three inches above the ground and which was said to be "written".

[27] : sbiutiSpiūti,: halftanHalfdan,: þaiʀþæiʀ: raisþuræisþu: stainstæin: þansiþannsi: eftiʀæftiʀ: skarþaSkarða,: bruþurbrōðursinsinn.: furFōr: austraustr: hiþanhēðan: miþmeð: ikuariIngvari,: ąą̄sirklantiSærklandi: likʀliggʀ: sunʀsunʀiuintaʀØyvindaʀ.

: sbiuti : halftan : þaiʀ : raisþu : stain : þansi : eftiʀ : skarþa : bruþur sin : fur : austr : hiþan : miþ : ikuari : ą sirklanti : likʀ : sunʀ iuintaʀ{} Spiūti, {} Halfdan, {} þæiʀ {} ræisþu {} stæin {} þannsi {} æftiʀ {} Skarða, {} brōður sinn.

[28] mus:kia/mes:kiaMyskia: a(u)[kok:] (m)an(i)Manni/Māni: litulētu: rasaræisa: ku[(m)(l)kumbl: þausiþausi: atat: b]ruþurbrōður· (s)insinn: hr(u)þkaiʀHrōðgæiʀ· aukok: faþurfaðursinsinnhulm:stainHolmstæin.· mus:kia/mes:kia : a(u)[k :] (m)an(i) : litu : rasa : ku[(m)(l) : þausi : at : b]ruþur · (s)in : hr(u)þkaiʀ · auk : faþur sin hulm:stain ·Myskia {} ok {} Manni/Māni {} lētu {} ræisa {} kumbl {} þausi {} at {} brōður {} sinn {} Hrōðgæiʀ {} ok {} faður sinn Holmstæin.

[30] A subject that has been vividly discussed is why the runestone is raised only after Haraldr and not after Ingvar, and the most widely accepted explanation is that Tóla was only Harald's mother and that the two men were only half-brothers.

[30] One theory proposed by Braun connects this stone to the runestones U 513, U 540, and Sö 279, and it holds Ingvar the Far-Travelled to be the son of the Swedish king Emund the Old.

: þaiʀÞæiʀfurufōru: trikiladrængila: fiarifiarri: atat: kuligulli: aukok: a:ustarla|austarla|ar:niærni: kafugāfu,: tuudōu: sunar:lasunnarla: aą̄sirk:lan:tiSærklandi.× tula : lit : raisa : stain : þinsa| |at : sun : sin : haralt : bruþur : inkuars : þaiʀ furu : trikila : fiari : at : kuli : auk : a:ustarla| |ar:ni : kafu : tuu : sunar:la : a sirk:lan:ti{} Tōla {} lēt {} ræisa {} stæin {} þennsa at {} sun {} sinn {} Harald, {} brōður {} Ingvars.

· suanSvæinn: aukokstainStæinn: raisturæistu· stainstæin: atat· tos(t)aTosta,: faþurfaður: sinsinn,: isesuarþvarð: tauþrdauðr· iīliþiliði: ikuarsIngvars,: au(k)okatat· þo(r)stainÞorstæin: aukokktat: aystainØystæin,: alhiltarAlfhildaʀ· s--s[un].· suan : auk stain : raistu · stain : at · tos(t)a : faþur : sin : is uarþ : tauþr · i liþi : ikuars : au(k) at · þo(r)stain : auk kt : aystain : alhiltar · s--{} Svæinn {} ok Stæinn {} ræistu {} stæin {} at {} Tosta, {} faður {} sinn, {} es varð {} dauðr {} ī liði {} Ingvars, {} ok at {} Þorstæin {} ok at {} Øystæin, {} Alfhildaʀ {} s[un].

One theory proposed by Braun connects this stone to the runestones U 513, U 540, and Sö 179, and it holds Ingvar the Far-Travelled to be the son of the Swedish king Emund the Old.

[31] ai...Æi............(u)a[hagg]va: --(a)-[st]æ[in].........uni[s]yni÷ aimunt...Æimund[aʀ]......sunarlasunnarla: aą̄: se(r)kl...Særkl[andi].ai... ... ...(u)a : --(a)- ... ...uni ÷ aimunt... ... sunarla : a : se(r)kl...Æi... ... [hagg]va {} [st]æ[in] ... [s]yni {} Æimund[aʀ] ... sunnarla {} ą̄ {} Særkl[andi]."Ei-...

(a)luivī: litlēt* kiragærva: kublkumbl: ifti...æfti[ʀ]......burþurbrōður: ulfsUlfs.* þiʀÞæiʀ* a(u)...au[str]/au[starla]......(m)iþmeð* ikuariIngvari: ąą̄: sirk*la(t)...Særkland[i].

[× antuitʀ : reisti : stin : iftiʀ : huka : bruþur sin eʀ : uar : tauþe(r) : miþ : ink... ...k : iftir : þurkils bruþur : kuþan biarlaukr : irfi : lit : reisa : iftir : biaþr : sin]{} Andvēttr {} ræisti {} stæin {} æftiʀ {} Huga, {} brōður sinn, eʀ {} vaʀ {} dauðr {} með {} Ing[vari, o]k {} æftiʀ {} Þorgīls, brōður {} gōðan.

: kaiʀuatrGæiʀhvatr: aukok: anutrAnundr: aukok: utamrŌtamʀ:[lētu]ritarētta: stainstæin: atat: byrst(a)inBȳrstæin,· bruþurbrōður: sinsinn,: saʀsāʀuaʀvaʀ: austraustr· miþmeðikuariIngvari,: trikdræng: snialansniallan,: sunsun: lifayaʀLīføyaʀ.× : kaiʀuatr : auk : anutr : auk : utamr : rita : stain : at : byrst(a)in · bruþur : sin : saʀ uaʀ : austr · miþ ikuari : trik : snialan : sun : lifayaʀ ×{} Gæiʀhvatr {} ok {} Anundr {} ok {} Ōtamʀ [lētu] rētta {} stæin {} at {} Bȳrstæin, {} brōður {} sinn, {} sāʀ vaʀ {} austr {} með Ingvari, {} dræng {} sniallan, {} sun {} Līføyaʀ.

[32] The name Osnikin appears in half a dozen inscriptions in Uppland and Södermanland and it means, like osniken still does in modern Swedish, "generous.

{} ræisti {} stæin þenna at brōður sinn {} Ōsnīkin, sāʀ fōrs {} austarla {} með {} Ingvari, {} skipari Holmstæins."Ulfr(?)

"[26] khu[nal-](r)Gunnal[d]r· [(l)itlēt…[ræisa]stainstæin· þinsaþennsaef]tiræftiʀ· hormOrm,· stobstiūpsensinn,· trek|dræng|ku-…ngō[ða]n,· aukok· uasvas· farinfarinn· (o)(s)-raus[t]r· miþmeð· ikuariIngvari.· hiolbiHialpik[-þG[u]ð· salusāluh…nsh[a]ns.·] khu[nal-](r) · [(l)it … stain · þinsa ef]tir · horm · stob sen · trek| |ku-…n · auk · uas · farin · (o)(s)-r · miþ · ikuari · hiolbi k[-þ · salu h…ns ·]Gunnal[d]r {} lēt [ræisa] stæin {} þennsa æftiʀ {} Orm, {} stiūp sinn, {} dræng gō[ða]n, {} ok {} vas {} farinn {} aus[t]r {} með {} Ingvari.