Cavaillon (French pronunciation: [kavajɔ̃]; Occitan: Cavalhon) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of Southeastern France.

Cavaillon was already a city in the Gallo-Roman period, and has several minor relics from that era, including a 1st century triumphal arch.

[4] Other minor relics of the Roman period have been found to the south of the town, on the site of the ancient Cabellio.

[5] Saint Veran was bishop here in the 6th century,[citation needed] and the 12th-century cathedral is dedicated to him.

The Calavon, a tributary of the Durance locally called Coulon, flows westward through the middle of the commune.