The castle was the center of the Herborn March, which was a fiefdom the Counts of Nassau received from the Landgrave of Hesse.
In 1251 the castle was renovated and at the beginning of the 14th century it was transformed into a manor house.
John VI, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg founded his Calvinist university the Herborn Academy and placed it in the castle in 1584 .
Today it hosts the Theological Seminary of the Protestant Church in Hesse and Nassau.
The library includes a collection of historical books as well printed materials from Herborn printers such as Corvin.