[1][2][3][4][5][6] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction Hypoxia-inducible factor-proline dioxygenase contains iron, and requires ascorbate.
Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor[7] that allows the cell to respond physiologically to low concentrations of oxygen.
[9] HIF prolyl-hydroxylase has been targeted by a variety of inhibitors that aim to treat stroke,[10] kidney disease,[11] ischemia,[12] anemia,[13] and other important diseases.
Clinically observed prolyl hydroxylase domain mutations, as in the case of erythrocytosis- and breast cancer-associated PHD2 mutations, affect its selectivity for its HIF substrate, which has important implication for drug design.
[14] In humans, there are three isoforms of hypoxia-inducible factor-proline dioxygenase.