Since the nation's return in 1948 after having made their debut in 1900, Iranian athletes have appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games except for Moscow 1980 and Los Angeles 1984, citing political reasons.

Before and during the Games, there were calls to ban Iran from the 2024 Summer Olympics due to human rights abuse allegations following the executions of Iranian wrestler Navid Afkari and national karate champion Mohammad Mehdi Karami, crackdown on protesters and athletes during the Mahsa Amini protests, blinding of archer Kowsar Khoshnoudi-Kia, and defection of taekwondo medalist Kimia Alizadeh.

[4] There had been calls to ban Iran from the 2024 Summer Olympics due to human rights abuse allegations following the executions of Iranian wrestler Navid Afkari and national karate champion Mohammad Mehdi Karami, crackdown on protesters and athletes during the Mahsa Amini protests, blinding of archer Kowsar Khoshnoudi-Kia, and defection of taekwondo medalist Kimia Alizadeh.

[1][5] A group of Iranian dissidents including Franco-Iranian boxer Mahyar Monshipour and Nobel Peace Prize winner Shirin Ebadi sent a letter to the IOC calling for Iran to be banned; they opined that the country's prohibition of women from practicing sports like wrestling, boxing, swimming, and sailing was not in line with the Olympic Charter.

[6] American senator Marsha Blackburn petitioned IOC President Thomas Bach to ban Iran from the Paris Games.

[11] Iranian canoeists qualified one boat for the Games through the result of the highest ranked eligible nations in the following events, through the 2024 Asian Sprint Canoeing Championships in Tokyo, Japan.

Mahdi Olfati directly secured his quota to compete at the Olympics by being one of the highest-ranked eligible athlete in the men's vault, through the final accumulations of the 2024 Apparatus World Cup Series rankings and marking the nation's return to the sport since Tokyo 1964.

[23] Later on Mobina Nematzadeh and Arian Salimi secured a quota places in their respective division, by virtue of their victory in the semifinal round, at the 2024 Asian Olympic Qualification Tournament in Tai'an, China.