James P. "Jim" Timilty (March 28, 1865 – July 6, 1921) was an American politician, labor leader, and contractor.

During this time, he became actively involved in labor organization, serving as the president of the Pavers' Union for over 25 years.

He supported legislation that benefitted working-class Bostonians, drawing on his own experiences as a labor leader and contractor.

In his time in the State Senate, Timilty developed an intimate friendship with then-Senate President Calvin Coolidge.

The James P. Timilty Middle School in Roxbury was named in his honor, reflecting his lasting impact on the community.