Jozef Cywinski (Polish: Józef Cywiński) (born on 13 March 1936) is a Polish-American scientist, a specialist in the field of biomedical engineering and specifically in electrical stimulation of living organisms.
In 1945, several displaced professors from Lviv and Vilnius Universities settled in Bielsko too, creating an accelerated and highly sophisticated climate in which to learn.
This instrument was also essential for the graduate diploma work and discovery of light and heavy fractions of myosine (muscle cell proteins) of Cywinski's wife, Hanna Zawistowska, a biochemist herself.
At the Cardiology Institute, Cywinski created the world's first P-wave controlled external cardiac pacemaker[1] and a new technique for ECG recording.
[2] The animal research on this pacemaker was completed in 1964 and Cywinski submitted the project to be presented at the World Congress of Bioengineering in Tokyo, Japan.
While studying at Warsaw University of Technology, Cywinski co-founded and was partner and R&D Director of the industrial laboratory Ridan Instruments Ltd., where he developed, patented and manufactured Poland's first muscle electro-stimulators (Diadynamic), blood-gas analysers, potentiometric pHmeters and charge-electrometers for diagnostic purposes.
and Ahmed Kutty, M.D., Cywinski developed and published an analog computer model of the physiologic rate and contractility controls for artificial hearts.
[9] Cywinski invented and produced devices such as the "train-of-four" method for patient monitoring of depth of muscle relaxation during anesthesia as well as implantable stimulators for brain research and bone fracture healing.
[10][11] In 3- to 5-year tests performed by Professor Allan Hahn and his team at the Animal Research Center of the University of Missouri, the bio-galvanic pacemakers implanted in dogs functioned well with a projected lifespan of over 50 years.
At the same time, the leading manufacturer of pacemakers heavily invested in the development of nuclear batteries with similar projected life spans of 50–80 years.
In 1978, for his pioneering work in the field of cardiac pacing and bio-galvanic batteries, Cywinski was nominated as Fellow of the American College of Cardiology.
In 1983 during his summer sabbatical leave from Harvard he did joint research with Professor Geoffery Kidd at the Sherrington Laboratory at the University of Liverpool, UK.
[12] Additionally, during his time in Boston, he served as a Federal Court-appointed expert in patent litigations between the major manufacturers of cardiac pacemakers.
Most of Cywinski's career was in academia, but in 1986 he voluntarily retired from MGH-Harvard-MIT and created a business around one of his inventions for the medical imaging field.
There, with the able help of his son (MIT graduate) L. Mark Cywinski, he developed the world's first computerized medical picture archiving and communication system (PACS) and imaging workstations for Doppler ultrasound scanners.
At Valmed Ltd, Cywinski, as CEO and managing director developed and manufactured neuromuscular stimulators for physiotherapy and sports medicine.
Within ITM he continued lecturing, conferences and publishing research in the field of neuromuscular stimulation with a particular focus on improvements in sports performance.
The Olympic Committee under Professor Samaranch and Patrick Shamash, MD approved the use of these stimulators for athletes as a natural (non-doping) means of improving muscle performance.
In the years 1999 through 2005 he was invited by Jean-Pierre Rausis and Professor Herve Borland, Ph.D. to serve as one of the directors of the scientific board of the world-famous Dalle Molle Institute of Artificial Intelligence Research in Ticino, Switzerland.
In 2005, Cywinski moved to Paris, France and was a consultant to Ad Rem Technology SARL, where he invented the Veinoplus stimulator to correct impaired blood circulation in leg veins.
[18][19] Hemodynamic research on Cywinski's Veinoplus stimulators was performed and published by Professor Andrew Nicolaides and his team at Imperial College London, England.
This research proved that stimulation of the calf muscles by the Veinoplus can be effective in preventing Deep Veinous Thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary Emboli (PE).
If was also effective at improving circulatory problems in legs (including those of diabetics or those with peripheral artery disease) that if not treated can lead to non-healing ulcers or amputation.