Oraon founded the Akhil Bharatiya Adivasi Vikas Parishad organisation.

[3] Oraon was born in a village named Karounda Littatoli in Gumla district, Jharkhand state, India, into the Kurukh community.

[3] After completing high school in Gumla in 1942, Oraon passed Intermediate examination from Science College, Patna, and completed a bachelor of engineering degree from Bihar College of Engineering, Patna.

[6] Oraon held several official positions and represented Lohardaga constituency in the Parliament of India several times.

[7] He was three times a member of parliament in the Lok Sabha from the Lohardaga constituency and was seen as a national hero for the Kurukh people.