[6] BK channels are activated (opened) by changes in membrane electrical potential and/or by increases in concentration of intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+).

BK channels are essential for the regulation of several key physiological processes including smooth muscle tone and neuronal excitability.

BK channels also contribute to the behavioral effects of ethanol in the worm C. elegans under high concentrations (> 100 mM, or approximately 0.50% BAC).

Various pharmaceutical companies developed synthetic molecules activating these channels[17] in order to prevent excessive neurotoxic calcium entry in neurons.

[18] But BMS-204352 (MaxiPost) a molecule developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb failed to improve clinical outcome in stroke patients compared to placebo.