[3] The project was not initially profitable, leading the company to build the larger Prairie du Sac Dam downstream beginning in 1911.

[4] Wisconsin Power and Light, the predecessor of Alliant Energy, purchased the Kilbourn Dam in 1917.

The dam also raised the water level in the Upper Dells by around 17 feet (5.2 m), flooding popular caves and rock formations.

[6] For this reason, landscape photographer H. H. Bennett vocally opposed the dam's construction.

[7][8] Supporters of the dam have pointed to its benefits in generating renewable energy and maintaining an elevated water level for recreational boating.