It was centered around Komatsu jin'ya in what snow part of the city of Saijō, Ehime, and was ruled throughout all of its history by a cadet branch of the Hitotsuyanagi clan.

Naoyori set up a jin'ya in Shinyashiki Village, Sufu County, located west of Saijo, and his descendants would continue to rule the area for 280 years until the end of the Edo period.

In June 1869, Hitotsuyanagi Yoritsugu was appointed as imperial governor of the domain following the Meiji Restoration, but he died of illness soon after.

Yoriakira succeeded as the imperial governor, but in July 1871, the Komatsu Domain was abolished with the abolition of the han system and the establishment of prefectures.

Among those from the Komatsu Domain who were active in the Meiji period was Baron Kurokawa Michiki, a lieutenant general in the Imperial Japanese Army, military attache to the Crown Prince.