Topographic relief is significant as the mountain rises over 2,400 feet (732 meters) above tidewater at Dry Spruce Bay in approximately 0.7 miles (1.1 km).

The mountain's name was applied in 1909 by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey and the toponym was officially adopted in 1909 by the United States Board on Geographic Names.

[1] According to the Köppen climate classification system, Kupreanof Mountain is located in a subpolar oceanic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and cool summers.

[4] Weather systems coming off the North Pacific are forced upwards by the mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall.

Winter temperatures can drop to 0 °F with wind chill factors below −10 °F.